Decision Variables: These are the variables that decision-makers will choose the values for, typically representing quantities to be determined (e.g., how much of each product to produce).

Objective Function: This is a linear function that represents the goal of the optimization problem, usually to maximize profit or minimize cost. It is formulated in terms of the decision variables.

Constraints: These are linear inequalities or equations that represent the limitations or requirements of the problem, such as resource availability, production capacities, or demand requirements. They define the feasible region within which the solution must lie.

Non-negativity Restrictions: Often, decision variables are required to be non-negative, meaning they cannot take negative values, which is realistic in many real-world scenarios (e.g., you can’t produce a negative quantity of a product).